ارائه مدل آمادگی سازمانی پذیرش مدل تعالی در دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی: رویکرد ترکیبی
محورهای موضوعی : عمومىسیده سمیه موسوی سیاه دله 1 , صمد جباری صل 2 * , موسی رضوانی چمن زمین 3
1 - دانشجوی دکتری تخصصی، گروه مدیریت، واحد آستارا، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد آستارا، آستارا ، ایران
2 - استادیار، گروه مدیریت، واحد آستارا، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد آستارا، آستارا ، ایران
3 - استادیار، گروه مدیریت، واحد آستارا، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد آستارا، آستارا ، ایران
کلید واژه: آمادگی سازمانی, مدل تعالی, عوامل مدیریتی, عوامل نگرشی-رفتاری, عوامل بیرونی,
چکیده مقاله :
آمادگی سازمان‌ها جهت استقرار سیستم‌های مدیریتی از مسائل با اهمیت می باشد. هدف پژوهش حاضر ارائه مدلی به منظور آمادگی سازمانی پذیرش مدل تعالی در دانشگاه آزاد است. در این پژوهش از روش ترکیبی (كيفي و کمی) اکتشافی متوالی استفاده گردید. روش استفاده شده در بخش کیفی پژوهش، نظریه داده بنیاد می باشد. در پژوهش حاضر، به منظور جمع‌آوری داده‌ها در بخش کیفی از ابزار مصاحبه و در بخش کمی از ابزار پرسشنامه استفاده شد. جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل اساتید رشته مدیریت دانشگاه های آزاد استان گیلان هستند که در بخش کیفی و به‌منظور انجام مصاحبه‌ها از نظرات 10 نفر از اساتید مرتبط با موضوع پژوهش و در بخش کمی و به‌منظور تکمیل پرسش‌نامه‌ها از نظرات 150 نفر از آنها استفاده شد. به‌منظور تحلیل داده‌های حاصل از مصاحبه‌ها از روش کدگذاری در نرم‌افزار MAXQDA و به‌منظور کشف ارتباط بین عوامل شناسایی شده از روش مدل‌سازی ساختاری تفسیری در نرم‌افزار MICMAC استفاده شد. تحلیل داده‌های حاصل از مصاحبه‌های نیمه ساختار‌یافته متشکل از 180 کدباز بود که در قالب نه مفهوم طبقه‌بندی و در چهار مقوله اصلی شامل عوامل مدیریتی و عوامل نگرشی-رفتاری (به‌عنوان متغیرهای پیوندی)، عوامل بیرونی (به عنوان متغیر مستقل)، و استقرار مدل تعالی (به عنوان متغیر وابسته) تقسیم‌بندی شدند. همچنین تحلیل داده‌های بخش کمی پژوهش به روش حداقل مربعات جزئی در نرم‌افزار smartPLS صورت پذیرفت. نتایج بخش کمی پژوهش نیز نشان داد که هر سه عامل مذکور شامل عوامل مدیریتی (ایجاد جو حامی تغییر، برنامه‌ریزی و سازماندهی، یادگیری، تعهد)، عوامل نگرشی- رفتاری (سودمندی ادراک شده و سهولت ادراک شده) و عوامل بیرونی (سیاست‌ها و قوانین بالادستی، اعتبارات، و فرهنگ) نقش معنادار بر آمادگی دانشگاه آزاد در پیاده‌سازی مدل تعالی دارند و در این بین عوامل مدیریتی موثرترین نقش را بر عهده داشته است. همچنین عوامل نگرشی-رفتاری مجریان نیز دارای نقش موثری بر آمادگی دانشگاه جهت استقرار مدل تعالی دارد. از طرفی، عوامل بیرونی، هم به طور مستقیم و هم به‌صورت غیرمستقیم و از طریق عوامل مدیریتی و عوامل نگرشی- رفتاری نقش موثری در آمادگی دانشگاه آزاد برای استقرار مدل تعالی دارد، بطوریکه این عامل محرک اصلی واحدهای تابعه دانشگاه آزاد بر استقرار مدل تعالی است. یافته های پژوهش نشان می دهد که آمادگی دانشگاه‌ها برای استقرار مدل‌های تعالی تا حدود زیادی وابسته به عملکرد مدیران آن می باشد. مدیران دارای تعهد بالا می‌توانند با برنامه‌ریزی و کنترل و نظارت درست سبب ایجاد جوی مثبت در دانشگاه برای پذیرش و استقرار آن مد‌ل‌ها شوند و بدین طریق بر بسیاری از مشکلات درونی همچون عوامل نگرشی- رفتاری اعضاء سازمان که عمدتاً خود را به صور ت مقابله با تغییرات نشان داده و حتی مشکلات بیرونی فائق آیند
The readiness of organizations to establish management systems is an important issue. The purpose of this study is to provide a model for organizational readiness to accept the model of excellence in the Azad University. In this study, a combined (qualitative and quantitative) sequential exploratory method was used. The method used in the qualitative part of the research is foundation data theory. In the present study, in order to collect data in the qualitative part, the interview tool was used and in the quantitative part, a questionnaire was used. The statistical population of the study includes professors of management in the free universities of Guilan province. In the qualitative section, in order to conduct interviews, the opinions of 10 professors related to the research topic and in the quantitative section, in order to complete the questionnaires, the opinions of 150 people were used. In order to analyze the data obtained from the interviews, the coding method was used in MAXQDA software and in order to discover the relationship between the identified factors, the interpretive structural modeling method was used in MICMAC software. Data analysis from semi-structured interviews consisted of 180 open source code in the form of nine classification concepts and in four main categories including managerial and attitudinal-behavioral factors (as link variables), external factors (as independent variables), and the establishment of the excellence model. (As dependent variables) were divided. Data analysis of the quantitative part of the research was also performed using the partial least squares method in smartPLS software. The results of the quantitative part of the research also showed that all three factors include managerial factors (creating an atmosphere conducive to change, planning and organizing, learning, commitment), attitude-behavioral factors (perceived usefulness and perceived ease) and external factors (policies and rules). Upstream, credits, and culture) have a significant role on the readiness of the free university in implementing the model of excellence, and among these, managerial factors have played the most effective role. Also, the attitude-behavioral factors of the performers have an effective role on the readiness of the university to establish a model of excellence. On the other hand, external factors, both directly and indirectly and through managerial factors and attitudinal-behavioral factors have an effective role in the readiness of the Azad University to establish a model of excellence, so that this factor is the main motivator of Azad University affiliates to establish a model of excellence. . Findings show that the readiness of universities to establish models of excellence depends to a large extent on the performance of its managers. Highly committed managers can create a positive atmosphere in the university for the acceptance and implementation of those models with proper planning, control and supervision, and thus address many internal problems such as attitudes and behavioral factors of members of the organization, which mainly manifest themselves in the face of change. Data and even overcome external problems
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