الگوریتم تکاملی ژنتیک در معماری: تحلیل روش های الگوریتم های تکاملی ژنتیک در فرآیند باز تولید ارزش های زیبایی شناختی طراحی معماری

چکیده مقاله :

 این پژوهش به بررسی کاربرد الگوریتم ژنتیک (Genetic Algorithm – GA) در فرآیند طراحی معماری با تمرکز بر بازتولید ارزش‌های زیبایی‌شناختی مانند تعادل، تناسب، هماهنگی، ریتم و نوآوری می‌پردازد. در جهان امروز، که مرزهای هنر، علم و فناوری به‌ویژه با ورود هوش مصنوعی در حال هم‌گرایی‌اند، استفاده از ابزارهای محاسباتی مانند الگوریتم ژنتیک در طراحی معماری به ضرورتی اجتناب‌ناپذیر تبدیل شده است. مسئله اساسی که مقاله به آن می‌پردازد، چالش درک و بازتولید مؤلفه‌های ذهنی و زیبایی‌شناسی در طراحی معماری است؛ مفاهیمی که معمولاً در فرآیند طراحی سنتی به‌صورت شهودی و غیرکمی در نظر گرفته می‌شوند. الگوریتم ژنتیک اما این قابلیت را دارد که این مفاهیم را به پارامترهای کمی و قابل سنجش تبدیل کرده و در قالب تابع برازندگی به سیستم محاسباتی وارد کند. بر این اساس، فرضیه مقاله بر آن است که با طراحی صحیح کروموزوم‌ها، تعریف تابع هدف مناسب و به‌کارگیری عملگرهای ژنتیکی نظیر جهش و ترکیب، می‌توان فرم‌هایی خلق کرد که دارای ارزش‌های زیبایی‌شناسی معماری باشند. روش تحقیق مقاله کیفی و مبتنی بر تحلیل محتواست. در این مسیر، نویسندگان با بررسی هفت نمونه طراحی مبتنی بر الگوریتم ژنتیک، مراحل مختلف طراحی معماری با این الگوریتم را تحلیل کرده‌اند. این مراحل شامل کدگذاری فرم به صورت کروموزوم‌های دیجیتالی، تعریف تابع هدف بر اساس معیارهای زیبایی‌شناسی، اجرای فرآیند تکراری تولید نسل، انتخاب بهترین فرم‌ها و ارتقاء تدریجی کیفیت طراحی است. در این الگوریتم، فرم‌های اولیه به صورت تصادفی تولید می‌شوند و سپس با هر تکرار، فرم‌هایی که بیشترین انطباق با تابع هدف دارند، انتخاب و تولید نسل جدید را هدایت می‌کنند

چکیده انگلیسی :

This study examines the application of the Genetic Algorithm (GA) in the architectural design process with a focus on reproducing aesthetic values such as balance, proportion, harmony, rhythm, and innovation. In today’s world, where the boundaries between art, science, and technology—especially with the advent of artificial intelligence—are increasingly converging, the use of computational tools like genetic algorithms in architectural design has become an inevitable necessity. The fundamental issue addressed in this paper is the challenge of understanding and reproducing the subjective and aesthetic components in architectural design—concepts that are typically considered intuitively and non-quantitatively in traditional design processes. However, genetic algorithms possess the capability to convert these concepts into measurable and quantifiable parameters that can be input into a computational system in the form of a fitness function. Accordingly, the paper’s hypothesis is that by properly designing chromosomes, defining an appropriate objective function, and applying genetic operators such as mutation and crossover, it is possible to generate forms that embody architectural aesthetic values. The research method is qualitative and based on content analysis. In this approach, the authors analyze seven design case studies based on genetic algorithms, examining various stages of architectural design using this algorithm. These stages include encoding forms as digital chromosomes, defining the objective function based on aesthetic criteria, executing an iterative process of generation production, selecting the best forms, and progressively improving design quality.

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